FAQ
Most Frequently asked questions and answers about dehumidification and products by Airwatergreen.
Did you know that the average relative humidity level in Sweden is 85% in January and 75% in July according to SMHI. The limit for general corrosion (rust) is at 60% relative humidity.
This means that air must either be heated or dehumidified inside buildings.
Webinar: how does moisture work!
Challenges with moisture – typical questions about moisture management
How to read a Mollier Chart?
Watch the movie to understand how to read the Mollier chat.
Do you know how to calculate kwh per kilo water?
The energy efficiency of a dehumidifier is measured in the energy needed to extract a kilo of water from the air, in the climate in which it is to work.
The capacity is stated in the number of kilos of water per hour, then you multiply it by the dehumidifier’s power consumption. In this way you will get the cost of dehumidifying!
It is important to use the right temperature and moisture level when doing a comparison between technologies and products!
Especially if you also want to save energy by lowering the temperature in the room.
Favourable moisture levels in most buildings are below 60% RH. Then you avoid mould and corrosion. All older technology dehumidifiers require more energy at lower temperatures. Airwatergreen warm condensing technology is the only one completely independent of the climate the dehumidifier works in.
With the FLEX series, it only costs 2 KWh to extract 1 kilo of water from the air according to a test by the Swedish National Testing Authority (RISE), with the REX series about 1.5 KWh per kilo of water.
If you would like help with calculating moisture or life cycle calculations (LCC) for the next dehumidification purchase, please email us at info@airwatergreen.com
The air in the room is dry but there is still condensation on my pipes! - why?
The important factor is called the Dew point level. When the surface of the pipe is colder than the air in the room, this will cause moisture in the air to start forming on the pipe with a risk of corrosion as a result. This is just like the condensation forming on a soft drink container on a hot summers day.
We can calculate the dew point and configure the dehumidifier to use an external sensor that measures the exact temperature of the pipe and thus control the dehumidifier to work to maintain the right humidity level to avoid condensation.
Dew point chart
There is moisture in the room but i don't know what the moisture level is. Can you help me?
Yes, if requested we can carry out a humidity study using sensors. We place these humidity sensors in selected positions for a couple of weeks and can, based on data from these sensors, present an assessment of the moisture levels over time.
Based on this data we can give advice on how to proceed depending on the type of humidity challenges using a calculation methodology that we have developed.
How do i get rid of the generated water?
The Flex has drain pump options, though we also offer site specific options to both help you with the installation and, if necessary, install a drainage pump that will remove the water from the space if the installation is below ground or there is no drain available.
Do i need to keep the heat up in the room?
No, you can lower the temperature. Our technology is as efficient at low temperature as in warm.
This has proven to be very successful in churches and buildings that are not always used. No unnecessary heating is needed and our FLEX and REX keep the humidity at the right level. This means that you can save energy both from lower heating costs and from a more energy efficient dehumidifier.
As an example, a church building reduces its energy consumption by over 80%, resulting in an investment payback period of just over 1 year.
Below is a description in a Mollier diagram of what happens when the temperature changes without removing water from the air.
- The temperature is lowered from 20C to 11C (blue arrow) which means that the relative humidity level goes up from 50%RF to almost 100%RF. If this is not addressed, corrosion and mould formation will occur.
- Reduction of water from the air (brown arrow) at the same temperature results in a reduction back to 50%RF. Just under 5g of water per m3 of air needs to be removed.
How to create efficient dehumidification of moisture saturated materials?
Dehumidification of materials can be divided into three phases:
- Water is drawn by capillary forces from the inside of the material up towards the surface.
- Transport is carried out in a liquid phase capillary transport in the small pores and in the vapor phase (diffusion) in the larger pores.
- Transport from the surface is only in vapor phase. The speed is controlled by the difference in vapor content between the material and the surrounding air.
Step 1 is strongly dependent on what material is to be dehumidified. What is usually mainly affected is step 3, i.e. to ensure that the moisture leaves the material’s surface and goes into the air. If you can heat up the material in which the moisture is contained, the process is accelerated.
The easiest thing to do is usually to make sure that the air is kept dry at all times and preferably at a low relative humidity (RH). This results in increased vapor pressure difference and a faster dehydration!
See the graph to the right showing the differences in vapor pressure at different RHs when the air and materials maintain the same temperature.
In other words, if you reduce the RH level in the air to 40%, the drying process is accelerated. This will create an increased vapor pressure difference and a faster dehydration!
The graph on the right-side show what happens if you only warm up the air. Then the vapor pressure difference can become negative at relatively low relative humidity levels.
If the air is too warm – the moisture in the air may start to condense on the wall instead.
This means humidification instead of dehumidification!
Different dehumidifier methods
The best thing is depending on the conditions. We try to describe below the benefits and disadvantages of the different methods
What is warm condensation and what is it that makes it so effective?
Warm condensation is a technique in which, in a first step, the moisture is trapped in an adsorbent (dessiccant) which is regenerated when the absorbent has reached saturation.
The regeneration is done by warming up the absorbent. This means that condensed water and dry air is produced. No connections are needed except to drain condensed water, which makes the installation very easy and low cost. It also means that all the supplied energy stays in the room and is not vented out.
With Airwatergreens technology the dehumidifier is independent of the surrounding temperature and work equally efficient in all climates down to minus degrees. If you are interested to read more in detail how the warm condensation method works – this is described in this report Modeling a Novel Sorption Dehumidification Method – written by Per D.
Is warming-up the air a good method to lower the humidity level?
Keeping the air warm can hardly be considered a dehumidification method since no moisture is removed from the air.
However, warming-up the air will lower the relative humidity (RH) level as hot air can “hold” more humidity than cold air. No water is removed from the building’s air, which means that heating must be kept on forever, to avoid excessive relative humidity.
A study done at Uppsala University shows that about 5 times more energy is needed to maintain the same relative humidity over the year as compared to using a dehumidifier. If you want to read the study, it is available for download here (in Swedish)
How does it work with ventilation?
Ventilation should not be regarded as dehumidification method as no water is removed from the air. Ventilation is entirely dependent on the outdoor climate and how the temperature is outside in relation to the temperature in the room. Maybe you bring more humidity to the building instead of removing it?
Ventilation is used quite often as it is considered to be a cheap and simple solution. But ventilation can create more problems than it solves. A typical situation we often see is when the ventilation enters warm humid air into buildings with a lower temperature during the summer – not a suitable method!
How should the cold condensation method be used?
Water drops are created on a cold surface – this is well known. This is due to the fact that cold air cannot contain the same amount of moisture as warm air. This fact can be used in dehumidification because it actually takes the water out of the air. But at the same time, this phenomenon is also the reason why corrosion and mold occur in buildings and structures!
To use cold condensation as a dehumidification method, the air must be warmed-up again after the condensation. Otherwise, the relative humidity will stay at the same high level.
This means that this method can only be used at certain temperatures to avoid ice build-up at the cold surface.
What is sorption technology?
Sorption dehumidification is considered to be the modern dehumidification method that was created in Sweden in the 1950s to dehumidify under Swedish climatic conditions. Over the years, this method has been used in many installations.
The method is to trap the moisture in the air in a slowly rotating dessiccant wheel and then use warm air in step two to remove the collected moisture. The warm air then captures the moisture, which is then typically discharged through a hole in the wall.
Installation can easily become costly depending on how one can vent the air and energy is lost through the hole in the wall.
What are the different dehumidifications technologies?
WARMING UP
- Consumes 5x more energy
- Not always desirable with heating the air (eg cold storage)
COLD CONDENSATION
- Efficient at high temperatures and humidity levels
- Very low efficiency below 10°C
SORPTION
- Energy consuming
- Complex installation with regeneration air stream
- Energy wasted to environment
AIRWATERGREEN
- Warm condensation or CVP Technology
- Temperature independent
- The humidity is removed from the air
- The energy stays in the room
- Does not create under pressure
- Easy to install
Frequently asked questions about our products – FLEX, REX, BLACKBOX and NEXT
How do I ensure that it is not too cold?
With the Temp Guard function available as an option in the FLEX you can ensure that the temperature stays frost-free in smaller rooms using the built-in element in the FLEX as a heat source.
Read more about Temp Guard.
How really energy effective are your dehumidifiers?
To be absolutely sure of our case, we let the State Testing Facility (now RISE) test our dehumidifier and compare it with a traditional sorption dehumidifier.
The results of that test show that our dehumidifiers consume half as much energy to dehumidify the same amount of water.
Do you want to read the test results? Click here (in Swedish).
What happens to the water that the dehumidifier removes from the air?
The water removed from the air is delivered from the outlet on the side of the dehumidifier. A hose can easily be connected to deliver the water to a drain or a tank.
If no sewage is available, we have an optional container and pumps built for the purpose. A standalone model as well as a container that at the same time can act as a cart on wheels to easily move the FLEX around, if needed.
Why does the FLEX tilt to one side?
The FLEX is tilting to one side to create self-draining. The water flows out of the machine without having to use any pump. This reduces energy consumption and minimizes the number of moving parts.
A green lamp is blinking on the panel. What do I do?
If the green light changes from a steady light to flashing, the dehumidifier needs service.
There are instructions in the manual under Chapter 6 – Service. Or contact Airwatergreen at support@airwatergreen.com.
I have a control system today. Can I connect the dehumidifier to it?
We recommend replacing granules once a year to maintain full dehumidifier capacity. The granules you need for the replacement are delivered in a package. This is included as a delivery in our Service agreement.
How often do you recommend to change the granulate?
Dehumidification of materials can be divided into three phases:
- Water is drawn by capillary forces from the inside of the material up towards the surface.
- Transport is carried out in a liquid phase capillary transport in the small pores and in the vapor phase (diffusion) in the larger pores.
- Transport from the surface is only in vapor phase. The speed is controlled by the difference in vapor content between the material and the surrounding air.
Step 1 is strongly dependent on what material is to be dehumidified. What is usually mainly affected is step 3, i.e. to ensure that the moisture leaves the material’s surface and goes into the air. If you can heat up the material in which the moisture is contained, the process is accelerated.
The easiest thing to do is usually to make sure that the air is kept dry at all times and preferably at a low relative humidity (RH). This results in increased vapor pressure difference and a faster dehydration!
See the graph to the right showing the differences in vapor pressure at different RHs when the air and materials maintain the same temperature.
In other words, if you reduce the RH level in the air to 40%, the drying process is accelerated. This will create an increased vapor pressure difference and a faster dehydration!
The graph on the right-side show what happens if you only warm up the air. Then the vapor pressure difference can become negative at relatively low relative humidity levels.
If the air is too warm – the moisture in the air may start to condense on the wall instead.
This means humidification instead of dehumidification!
Can I replace the granulate myself?
Yes, abolutely.
The granules you need for the replacement are delivered in a package. You can order new packages with us. How to do this is described in the manual (available for download from FLEX and REX downloading pages).
or look at our Instruction video.
What do I do when my BLACKBOX can no longer absorb more hydrogen sulphide?
The active carbon, essential for absorbing hydrogen sulphide, can be effortlessly replaced once its absorption capacity diminishes. This regular replacement is conveniently included as part of our service contract.
The Airwatergreen Blackbox Filter Kit comes with the precise amount of active carbon needed for a Blackbox unit.
Why has NEXT such a superior energy efficiency?
NEXT is designed based on two separate modules – only the absorber is active during a major part of normal operation. During this phase only the air fan and the desiccant pump are drawing energy.
Regeneration is only active when needed – and then energy consumption is totally independent on ambient temperature and humidity levels.
What about operation of NEXT at low temperatures?
Traditional cold condensation technology start losing most of its efficiency already at temperature below 15°C. NEXT on the other hand is optimized for temperatures typically found the food industry and cold storage facilities ( 2°- 12°C).
The NEXT machines are of course also very efficient at normal room temperatures.
Do I need to install wet and dry air channel ducts?
No – there is no typical dual air duct installations as needed for sorption technology – the CVP (Controlled vapor pressure) NEXT machines can easily be commissioned completely without air duct connections. You will need a 32A power connection and access to a suitable drain for extracted water. That’s it!
How much maintenance is needed for a NEXT machine?
AWG is offering various levels of service agreements. There is a yearly service where some internal filters etc are replaced – this is done by AWG staff. In some (air quality) environments the external air filter needs frequent replacement. This however can easily be done by the regular local facility staff – it will only take a few minutes.
You state that NEXT is a very intelligent piece of equipment?
NEXT is based on a modern powerful PLC. It can be remotely controlled and upgraded if needed. We offer a full connectivity to the AWG cloud solution facilitating remote monitoring and preventive maintenance. Added external sensors can easily be integrated.
AWG do have many years of experience servicing the water and food industries with their specific requirements for cyber security.